Contemporary Technology
1. Fill in the blanks:
a.
Internet of things is a network of physical objects such as vehicles, devices
which are embedded with technologies.
b.
The major components of Internet of things are hardware, software and connectivity.
c.
Cloud computing enables companies or a person to consume resources, such as
storage, processing power, applications and networks.
d.
Cloud computing provides on-demand services.
e.
Basic requirements of mobile computing are mobile device, network
and software.
2. State whether the following statements are True or False:
a.
E-governance makes our life difficult and slow. False
b.
G2C model of e-governance makes relationship between the government and the
citizens of country. True
c.
Mobile operating system makes it possible to communicate and exchange data in
mobile computing devices. True
d.
Cloud computing does not provide services to the Internet users. False
e.
John McCarthy, an American computer scientist, is considered the "Father
of Artificial Intelligence". True
3. Write the full forms of the following:
a.
AI: Artificial Intelligence
b.
G2B: Government to Business
c.
G2G: Government to Government
d.
ICT: Information and Communication Technology
e.
IoT: Internet of Things
f.
LISP: List Processing
4. Write the technical terms for the following:
a. Modern technology that makes it possible to exchange data and information. Internet of Things
b. The technology that converted the world into a global village. Internet
c. The technology that has made it easier to make communication in roaming states using mobile devices. Mobile Computing
d. This model of e-governance that creates relationship between the government and the employees. G2E (Government to Employee)
e. It is an architectural
framework which allows integration and data exchange between the physical world
and computer systems using network system. IoT (Internet of Things)
5. Write short notes on:
a. Internet of Things: A system where everyday objects are connected to the internet, allowing them to send and receive data.
b. Virtual Reality: A computer-generated simulation of a 3D environment that can be interacted with using special equipment.
c. G2B (Government to Business): A type of
e-governance model where the government interacts and provides services to
businesses.
6. Answer the following questions in short:
a.
What is contemporary technology?
Modern
technology that is currently used and developed is contemporary technology.
b. What
is AI?
Artificial
Intelligence, the simulation of human intelligence by machines.
c.
What is cloud computing?
The
delivery of computing services like storage and processing power over the
internet.
d.
What is virtual reality?
A
simulated environment created by computers that people can interact with as if
it were real.
e.
What is mobile software?
Software
specifically designed to run on mobile devices like smartphones and tablets.
7. Answer the following questions:
a. Write some uses of cloud computing.
Data storage, hosting applications, running virtual machines, and backup services.
b. Write any two advantages
and disadvantages of cloud computing.
- Advantages: Cost-effective, scalable.
- Disadvantages: Requires internet connection, potential security risks.
- E-governance: The use of
technology by government to provide services to the public.
- Models: G2C (Government to Citizen), G2B (Government to Business), G2G (Government to Government), G2E (Government to Employee).
- G2G
(Government to Government):
Communication and exchange of information between government departments
or agencies.
- G2E (Government to Employee): Services and communication between the government and its employees.
- Advantages: Portability, convenience.
- Disadvantages: Battery dependency, security concerns.
Notes
Contemporary Technology refers to the latest innovation and technology that has become a part of our daily life. These technologies have great influence over a life of human. Services like E-mail, E-Commerce, Chats, Video Conferencing, Live streaming are some of the common contemporary technology that we encounter on daily basis.
Cloud computing
Cloud generally refers to huge
collection of storage which are done through server farms. The trend of using a
network of remote servers/data center hosted on the internet to store, manage,
and process data, rather than in our local server or a personal computer is
called cloud computing. Google Drive, one drive, iCloud are an example of
cloud storage.
Advantages of Cloud Computing
1. Large
volume of data can be stored conveniently.
2. It
helps in data backup and recovery.
3. Cloud
computing services are used to host live-streaming.
4. High
speed of data transfer.
Mobile Computing
The use of handheld devices such
as mobile phone and tablets to transfer data, voice and video over a network is
called mobile computing. These technology allows people to access data and
information from whenever and wherever they are.
Advantages of Mobile Computing.
1. They
are highly portable and be used from anywhere around.
2. Mobiles
and other handheld devices can be connected in a network to exchange data and
information
E-Governance
The set of services
provided by the government to their public through electronics means specially
internet is called E-Governance.
Advantages of E-Governance
1. It
increase public participation.
2. It
increase transparency in governmental activities.
3. It
reduces corruptions.
4. Helps
to make paperless government.
5. Easy
and fast delivery of governmental services.
Artificial Intelligence
Artificial Intelligence is
an emerging branch in computer science, which interprets the means and method
of making computers think like human beings. In short, It is process of
integrating human behavior in machine.
Machine learning, Robotics, cyber
security, health care etc are the application areas of AI.
Advantages of AI:
1. It
handles data and information better than human.
2. It
introduces new methods to solve problems.
3. It
can be used in decision making.
4. It
can be to interpret data and draw conclusion.
Virtual Reality
It is an artificial
environment created by using the computers and technology to give user a
realistic experience. In short it is a simulated environment created using
computerized technology. It creates an illusion of the real world. VR are used
in film industry, gaming, aviation industry etc.
Advantages of VR:
1. It
can create realistic environment and experience.
2. Simulation
of complex problem. eg, Pilot learns their first flying experience in simulated
environment.
3. It
make gaming much more realistic and engaging.
Internet of Things (IOT)
IoT are the electronic technology
in which devices can communicate with user and its environment in real time.
These devices can share data and information between user and its server
allowing user to experience the combination of physical world with
digital.
In general IoT is the network of
real world “Things” (devices) made with sensors, software and other various
technology that can communicate with user and devices through internet.
Modern days devices like smart
watch can track our fitness level, voice assistant in our mobile phones like
Siri and Alexa, smart car like Tesla built with autonomous riding capability,
home security system that allows to monitor suspicious activities and more.
Advantages of IoT
1. It
increases efficiency and productivity of work.
2. It
helps to automate our daily life work.
3. It
can be used as entertainment enhancing user experience.
4. It
helps to communicate and exchange data and information in real time.
Model Questions
1. What are the advantages of cloud computing?
The advantages of cloud computing include cost savings, scalability, flexibility, accessibility, and automatic updates.
2 What are the types of cloud computing services?
3. List some areas where Al can help us and how?
AI can help in areas such as healthcare diagnosis, autonomous vehicles, fraud detection in finance, personalized recommendations in marketing, and natural language processing for improved communication.
4 How is Al software different from other software?
AI software is distinct as it can learn and adapt from data, making it capable of performing tasks without explicit programming, unlike traditional software.
5. How can public get benefited from the e-governance services? Provide some example of e-governance services that exist in Nepal?
7. What is loT? Write any two importance of it.
8. Give some examples of loT devices and their applications?
Examples of IoT devices include smart thermostats for home automation and health monitoring wearables for applications in healthcare.
9. How do you think, loT devices can help in our day to day life?
IoT devices can improve day-to-day life by providing smart home automation, healthcare monitoring, and efficient energy management.
10. What is cloud computing?
Cloud computing is a technology that allows users to access and use computing resources (such as servers, storage, and applications) over the internet.
11. List any five characteristics of cloud computing.
Characteristics of cloud computing include on-demand self-service, broad network access, resource pooling, rapid elasticity, and measured service.
12. List any three disadvantages of cloud computing.
Disadvantages of cloud computing include security concerns, dependency on internet connectivity, and potential for limited customization.
13. Explain the three types of cloud computing.
14. What is Artificial Intelligence?
Artificial Intelligence (AI) refers to the development of computer systems that can perform tasks requiring human intelligence, such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, and perception.
15. What is Virtual Reality?
Virtual Reality (VR) is a computer-generated simulation of a three-dimensional environment that can be interacted with in a seemingly real or physical way.
16. What is E-governance? What are the benefits of E-governance?
E-governance involves the use of information and communication technology to improve government efficiency, transparency, and citizen engagement; benefits include increased accessibility, efficiency, and reduced corruption.
17. Explain the different types of e-Government services.
Different types of e-Government services include G2C (Government-to-Citizen), G2B (Government-to-Business), G2G (Government-to-Government), and G2E (Government-to-Employee) services.
18. What is mobile computing?
Mobile computing is the use of mobile devices (such as smartphones and tablets) to access and share information wirelessly.
19. State the important advantages of mobile computing